As you know, various components are used in hydraulic elevators and each of them has specific duties. In this article, we want to check the elevator hydraulic valve and its types together and introduce you to them. If you are interested in this topic, be sure to continue with Scadlift.
What is an elevator hydraulic valve?
Hydraulic valves of elevators are responsible for controlling and steering hydraulic systems. In fact, this part is used to change the location of the elevator and the units used in it are prepared for this purpose. There are different types of hydraulic valves and the characteristics of each of them are different. In the following, we mention some of the most important types of elevator hydraulic valves.
What are the types of hydraulic valves in terms of performance?
As we mentioned above, there are many types of hydraulic valves based on different categories. Now the most important types of elevator hydraulic valves in terms of performance are:
• Direction control valve that changes the flow direction of the fluid.
• Pressure control valve, which is called a relief valve and controls the system pressure.
• Flow control valve or variable flow that controls the flow of the system.
• Professional hydraulic valve
• Cerv hydraulic valve
• Modular hydraulic valve
Types of hydraulic valves according to the type of stimulation
In another category, hydraulic valves are divided into different types based on the type of stimulation, the most important of which are:
• Manual stimulation
• Air stimulation
• Mechanical or cam stimulation
• Solenoid stimulation
What is an electric hydraulic valve?
One of the most used type of hydraulic valve is called electric hydraulic valve, which works by electric power. With the help of an electric hydraulic valve, the flow rate of the hydraulic system can be cut off, connected and controlled.
These types of hydraulic valves are divided into two types of single spool and double spool, and the electric steering is transferred to the spool by means of a socket. Inside hydraulic solenoid valves, there is a part called a spool, which has two washers and two springs on both sides.
By means of electrical stimulation, the spool changes its state, which causes current to flow or flow to stop. There are different types of hydraulic solenoid valves that are used in various industries such as steel, cement, automotive and heavy industries.
What is a hydraulic direction control valve and what are its most important types?
The hydraulic direction control valve is one of the most important types of elevator hydraulic valve, whose task is to manage the flow direction of the fluid and determine the path of the fluid flow in the circuit. According to their tasks, these valves are divided into different types, including one-way, two-way, multi-way, etc.
They are named based on the number of valve positions and openings, and the number of openings and then the number of positions are stated first. In the following, we will mention the types of hydraulic valves for direction control.
Hydraulic direction control valve 2-2
This type of valve has 2 openings and 2 positions, that is, the valve is either open or closed. Another name for these valves is disconnect and connect valve. Also, they are based on two types: open in normal mode and closed in normal mode, although the second type is more useful.
Hydraulic direction control valve 2-3
The construction of this type of valves has 3 openings and 2 positions and like the previous type, it has two handles in normal open state and in normal closed state.
Hydraulic direction control valve 2-4
This type of valve has 4 openings for the operator, that is, the 4 sides of the hydraulic operator are connected to the circuit, and when one port or side of the operator has oil input from the valve, the other side is the oil outlet to the valve.
This type of valve is also called cross-parallel due to the way the circuits are connected in each position. Normally, the return of the valve to the first position is with the help of spring force.
Hydraulic direction control valve 3-4
This type of valve also has 4 openings like the previous one, but the difference with the previous one is in the number of positions, which is 3 in this valve. Its third position is used to turn off or unload the valve or the entire circuit.
The middle state can have different states, such as the open state where the pump opening is connected to the tank opening or the P closed state where only the pump opening is closed, or the closed T state when the device remains under load, or the open state.
What is a pressure control hydraulic valve?
Another type of elevator hydraulic valve is called pressure control hydraulic valve, which can protect the system against sudden changes in pressure. The cause of these sudden changes can be a decrease in the flow rate or an unwanted increase due to the opening and closing of the valve. This excessive pressure increase can cause serious damage to the hydraulic valve, that’s why the pressure control valve must be used. The types of pressure control hydraulic valves are:
• Simple safety valve
• Combined safety valve
• Unloading valve
• Pressure reducing valve
• Sequential valve
• Balancing valve
• Push switch
What is a variable flow or flow control hydraulic valve?
Among other types of elevator hydraulic valves, it is called flow or variable flow hydraulic valve, whose task is to adjust the speed of cylinders and hydraulic motors by changing the input or output flow rate. A flow control valve can control the movement speed of the actuators by adjusting the fluid flow rate. The two important types of flow control valves are:
• No pressure compensating system, which is used when the system pressure is almost constant and our goal is not to accurately adjust the speed. The simplest type of them are flow restrictors, which are produced using a simple one-way valve throat.
• Comes with a pressure compensation system that automatically adjusts pressure changes and always keeps the pressure drop constant. For this reason, the amount of current passing through them remains constant.
In this article, we talked about the elevator hydraulic valve and named its most important types. You can get more detailed information from our experts at Scadlift.